Isaac Newton Telescope Totally Explained

Everything about Isaac Newton Telescope totally explained

The Isaac Newton Telescope or INT is a 2.5m optical telescope run by the ING at Roque de los Muchachos Observatory on La Palma in the Canary Islands. It was originally situated at Herstmonceux Castle in Sussex, England, which was the site of the Royal Greenwich Observatory after it moved away from Greenwich due to light pollution. It was inaugurated in 1967 by Elizabeth II. The telescope is now one member of the Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes.
However, Herstmonceux suffered from poor weather, and the advent of mass air travel made it plausible for UK astronomers to run an overseas observatory. In 1979, the INT was shipped to La Palma, where it has remained ever since. The move was beset with difficulties, and it's widely recognized that it would have been cheaper to have built a new telescope rather than moving an existing one. As is customary for astronomical telescopes, the telescope foundations were entirely separate from the foundations of the dome and the rest of the structure in order to minimise telescope vibrations from movements of the dome (with an air gap of a few centimeters in between, going down many meters below the telescope platform). When the local construction workers on La Palma saw this air gap, they filled it with concrete under the assumption that this would be helpful (in making it stronger). It was impossible to remove this concrete, and it has been very difficult to keep telescope vibrations at a bearable level as a result.
Today, it's used mostly with the Wide Field Camera (WFC), a four CCD instrument with a field of view of 0.5 square degrees which was commissioned in 1997. The other main instrument available at the INT is the Intermediate Dispersion Spectrograph (IDS), recently re-introduced having been unavailable for a period of several years.

Technical details

The INT is a Cassegrain telescope, with a 2.54m diameter primary mirror and a focal length of 7.5m. The mirror weighs 4,361kg, and is supported by a polar disc/fork type equatorial mounting. The total weight of the telescope is around 90 tons. The f/3.29 Prime focus, used with the WFC, allows an unvignetted field of view of 40 arcminutes (approximately 0.3 square degrees). There is also a secondary focal station, the f/15 Cassegrain focus, which possesses a 20 arcminute field of view and is the mount point for the IDS.
The pointing accuracy of the telescope is around 5 arcseconds, but a sophisticated autoguider, which tracks a given guide star and makes small corrections to the telescope tracking, allows a guiding accuracy of better than 0.3 arcseconds.

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